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991.
Coveted or Overlooked? The Psychology of Bidding for Comparable Listings in Digital Auctions 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This article elaborates on, and provides evidence of the herd behavior bias -- the tendency to gravitate toward, and bid for, auction listings with one or more existing bids, ignoring comparable or even more attractive unbid-for listings available at the same time -- exhibited by buyers in digital auctions. Some listings attract many bidders and become coveted, the center of bidding attention, while other equivalent or even superior listings are overlooked, receiving no bids at all. Empirical analysis using data from digital auctions across different product categories shows that this herd behavior bias is attenuated with increasing bid price, but increases with the difficulty of evaluating quality. The practical implications of these findings, and promising research opportunities in this area are also discussed. 相似文献
992.
This conceptual article suggests a reexamination of current governance structures, specifically those of unitary boards after
the financial crisis of 2008. We suggest that the existing governance structures are based on an outdated paradigm of business,
rooted in economics. We propose an alternative paradigm, a more humanistic paradigm, which allows conceiving alternative,
network-oriented governance structures. As hierarchical firms grow larger and more complex, the risk of failure increases
from biases, errors, and missing data in communication and control systems. These problems are exacerbated by information
overload on senior managers, directors, and their respective regulators. In contrast to traditional corporate governance,
network governance introduces a division of power via multiple boards, checks and balances, and active stakeholder engagement.
We argue that those features could have prevented the stresses and failures of financial firms in 2008, since they were anticipated
by both individuals within firms and external commentators. However, those exposed to risks possessed insufficient influence
in either governing and/or regulating firms to take corrective action. 相似文献
993.
Cross-cultural research (CCR) is extremely important for advancing understanding of the range and limits of theoretical constructs and frameworks across different cultural contexts. CCR also provides an important understanding of the differences between countries and cultures. This commentary essay examines the review conducted by Engelen and Brettel (2010) and comments on shortcomings, as well as identifying areas where more needs to be done. A critical first step is to properly define the unit of analysis. This step is particularly critical as the concept of “national culture” is becoming increasingly less relevant and the appropriate culture unit for examination is often a smaller, more homogeneous grouping within a given geographic location. This view allows more meaningful inferences to be made and controls for possible contextual confounds, as well as providing a richer understanding of the limits of national culture in an increasingly global economy. 相似文献
994.
The impact of the introduction and use of an informational website on offline customer buying behavior 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
J.E.M. van Nierop P.S.H. Leeflang M.L. TeerlingK.R.E. Huizingh 《International Journal of Research in Marketing》2011,28(2):155-165
Do customers increase or decrease their spending in response to the introduction of an informational website? To answer this question, this study considers the effects of the introduction and use of an informational website by a large national retailer on offline customer buying behavior. More specifically, we study a website's effects on the number of shopping trips and the amount spent per category per shopping trip. The model is calibrated through the estimation of a Poisson model (shopping trips) and a type-II tobit model (the amount spent per category per shopping trip), with effect parameters that vary across customers. For the focal retailer, an informational website creates more bad than good news; most website visitors engage in fewer shopping trips and spend less in all product categories. The authors also compare the characteristics of shoppers who exhibit negative website effects with those few shoppers who show positive effects and thus derive key implications for research and practice. 相似文献
995.
Interaction between feasibility and desirability in the formation of entrepreneurial intentions 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The literature argues that entrepreneurial intentions depend on perceptions of desirability and perceptions of feasibility. Research in other fields suggests that there will be an interaction effect between these two main antecedents of intentions, but such interaction has not been investigated in the context of entrepreneurial intentions. In this paper we explore this interaction effect in an expectancy framework, hypothesizing a negative interaction effect between perceived desirability and perceived feasibility based on regulatory focus theory. A large multi-country sample confirms this negative interaction, and suggests a novel typology of nascent entrepreneurs as natural entrepreneurs, accidental entrepreneurs, and inevitable entrepreneurs. 相似文献
996.
Jang B. Singh 《Journal of Business Ethics》2006,64(1):17-29
This paper compares the findings of content analyses of the corporate codes of ethics of Canada’s largest corporations in
1992 and 2003. For both years, a modified version of a technique used in several other studies was used to determine and categorize
the contents of the codes. It was found, inter alia, that, in 2003, as in 1992, more of the codes were concerned with conduct
against the firm than with conduct on behalf of the firm. Among the changes from 1992 to 2003 were a significant increase
in the frequency of mention of environmental affairs, legal responsibility as the basis of codes and enforcement/compliance
procedures. 相似文献
997.
Christian J. Resick Paul J. Hanges Marcus W. Dickson Jacqueline K. Mitchelson 《Journal of Business Ethics》2006,63(4):345-359
The western-based leadership and ethics literatures were reviewed to identify the key characteristics that conceptually define
what it means to be an ethical leader. Data from the Global Leadership and Organizational Effectiveness (GLOBE) project were
then used to analyze the degree to which four aspects of ethical leadership – Character/Integrity, Altruism, Collective Motivation, and Encouragement – were endorsed as important for effective leadership across cultures. First, using multi-group confirmatory factor analyses
measurement equivalence of the ethical leadership scales was found, which provides indication that the four dimensions have
similar meaning across cultures. Then, using analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests each of the four dimensions were found to
be universally endorsed as important for effective leadership. However, cultures also varied significantly in the degree of
endorsement for each dimension. In the increasingly global business environment, these findings have implications for organizations
implementing ethics programs across cultures and preparing leaders for expatriate assignments.
Christian J. Resick is Assistant Professor of Industrial and Organizational Psychology at Florida International University.
His research is aimed at understanding how people interact with and influence various aspects of their work environments,
including cultures, climates, leaders, and teammates along with the implications for various aspects of organizational behavior.
A particular focus of Christian’s work examines ethical leadership and the critical linkages between leadership and organizational
ethics. He received his Ph.D. from Wayne State University.
Paul J. Hanges is a professor in the Department of Psychology at the University of Maryland and the head of the Industrial/Organizational
Psychology program in the department. He is an affiliate of the Cognitive Psychology program and the R. H. Smith School of
Business. Paul’s research focuses on three topics (a) social cognition, leadership, and cross-cultural issues; (b) personnel
selection, test fairness, and racial/gender discrimination; and (c) research methodology. He is on the editorial board of
the Journal of Applied Psychology and The Leadership Quarterly and is a fellow of the Society of Industrial and Organizational
Psychology and the American Psychological Association.
Marcus W. Dickson is Associate Professor of I/O Psychology at Wayne State University in Detroit. His research generally focuses
on issues of leadership and culture (both organizational and societal), and the interaction of those constructs. He is a former
Co-Principal Investigator of the GLOBE Project, and his work has appeared in Journal of Applied Psychology, Applied Psychology:
An International Review, and The Leadership Quarterly, among others.
Jacqueline K. Mitchelson is a doctoral candidate in Industrial and Organizational Psychology at Wayne State University. Her
current research areas are leadership, organizational culture, individual differences and work-family conflict. 相似文献
998.
Corporate governance guidelines are a mechanism that a firm can enact which should reduce agency costs and better align the
interests of boards and the suppliers of capital. This study examines stock price reactions primarily attributable to institutional
investors occurring when corporations announce the enactment of corporate governance guidelines. A final sample of 77 firms
was derived from the first announcement of corporate governance guidelines exclusive to the SEC-EDGAR database. The results
indicate that good governance does matter. Firms that announced the enactment of corporate governance guidelines experienced
increased stock prices following the announcements. There was an immediate (days 1–4) reaction for firms that provided all
or part of the guidelines’ substance; a delayed (days 8–10) reaction occurred for those firms that only referenced the guidelines’
enactment. Additionally, firms with either a potentially greater following or that had a previous history of acrimonious relations
with stakeholders were rewarded by the announcement of the enactment of guidelines. 相似文献
999.
Lu and Beamish (2001) examined the effect of two internationalization strategies, exporting and foreign direct investment
(FDI), on SME performance (ROA). We extend this research by examining the differential effects of these strategies on two
other dimensions of SME performance: growth and ROS. We develop and test four sets of hypotheses using a sample of 164 Japanese
SMEs. We find that exporting activity has a positive impact on growth, but negative impact on profitability. FDI activity
has a positive relationship with growth, but a U curve relationship with profitability. Exporting activity has a positive
moderating effect on the relationship between an SME’s FDI activity and firm growth, a negative moderating effect on the relationship
between an SME’s FDI activity and firm profitability. An SME’s age when it starts to make FDIs has a negative moderating impact
on the relationship between FDI and firm growth and profitability. 相似文献
1000.
PD Dr. Michael Br?uninger ist Leiter des Kompetenzbereichs Wirtschaftliche Trends und Hamburg am Hamburgischen WeltWirtschafts-Institut und Dr. Silvia Stiller ist wissenschaftliche Mitarbeiterin am Schwerpunkt Wirtschaftsraum Europa des Hamburgischen Welt-Wirtschafts-Archivs. 《Wirtschaftsdienst》2006,86(4):260-265